Samples of barium and calcium are added separately to beakers of cold water which contain a few drops of litmus solution.
Which observations will be made with only the calcium and not with the barium?
- 1. A gas is evolved
- 2. A white suspension appears in the water
- 3. The solution turns blue
Choices:
- A: 1 only
- B: 2 only
- C: 1 and 2
- D: 1, 2 and 3
Question 2:
The sketch graph shows the variation of one physical or chemical property with another for the Group II elements.
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
What are the correct labels for the axes?
Choices:
- A: First ionisation energy - Atomic number
- B: First ionisation energy - Atomic radius
- C: Atomic number - Melting point
- D: Atomic number - Mass number
Question 3:
X is a Group II metal. It forms a hydroxide which is more soluble than calcium hydroxide. It forms a sulfate which is more soluble than barium sulfate.
What could be the identity of X?
- 1. Strontium
- 2. Beryllium
- 3. Magnesium
Choices:
- A: 1 only
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 2 and 3
- D: 1, 2 and 3
Question 4:
The group I metals have lower melting points than the Group II metals.
Which factors result in Group II metals having higher melting points?
- 1. Group II metals have higher first ionisation energy than the corresponding group I metal.
- 2. There are smaller interatomic distances in the metallic lattices of the Group II metals.
- 3. More electrons are available from each Group II metal atom for bonding the atom into the metallic lattice.
Choices:
- A: 1 only
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 2 and 3
- D: 1, 2 and 3
Question 5:
What happens when a piece of strontium is placed in cold water?
- A: A vigorous effervescence occurs.
- B: Bubbles of gas form slowly on the strontium.
- C: The strontium floats on the surface of the water and reacts quickly.
- D: The strontium glows, and a white solid is produced.
Question 6:
When barium is burnt in oxygen, what colour is the flame?
- A: Green
- B: White
- C: Red
- D: Yellow
Question 7:
Which statements about calcium oxide are correct?
- 1. It is produced when calcium nitrate is heated.
- 2. It can be reduced by heating with magnesium.
- 3. It reacts with cold water.
Choices:
- A: 1 only
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 1 and 3
- D: 2 and 3
Question 8:
The oxides BaO, CaO, MgO and SrO all produce alkaline solutions when added to water.
Which oxide produces a saturated solution with the highest pH?
- A: BaO (aq)
- B: CaO (aq)
- C: MgO (aq)
- D: SrO (aq)
Question 9:
Rat poison needs to be insoluble in rainwater but soluble at the low pH of stomach contents.
What is a suitable barium compound to use for rat poison?
- A: Barium carbonate
- B: Barium chloride
- C: Barium hydroxide
- D: Barium sulfate
Question 10:
When a firework is lit a fuel, and an oxidising agent reacts.
In such a firework, magnesium is the fuel, and barium nitrate is the oxidising agent.
Which solid products are produced when the firework is lit?
- 1. BaO
- 2. MgO
- 3. Mg(NO3)2
Choices:
- A: 1, 2 and 3
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 2 and 3
- D: 1 only
Question 11:
Group II nitrates undergo thermal decomposition according to the following equation.
X(NO3)2 → XO + 2NO2 + O2
Which Group II nitrate requires the highest temperature to bring about its thermal decomposition?
- A: Barium nitrate
- B: Calcium nitrate
- C: Magnesium nitrate
- D: Strontium nitrate
Question 12:
The diagram shows some applications of compounds of Group II elements.
Which numbered links are correct?
Choices:
- A: 4 and 5 only
- B: 4 and 6 only
- C: 5 only
- D: 6 only
Question 13:
Which mass of solid residue will be obtained from the thermal decomposition of 5.10 g of anhydrous calcium nitrate?
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
- A: 0.70 g
- B: 0.87 g
- C: 1.40 g
- D: 1.74 g
Question 14:
Thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, produces a white solid and a mixture of gases. One of the gases released is oxygen.
32.3 g of anhydrous magnesium nitrate is heated until no further reaction takes place.
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
What is the mass of oxygen produced?
- A: 8.32 g
- B: 3.52 g
- C: 12.48 g
- D: 19.2 g
Question 15:
In agriculture, lime can be added to damp soil to change the pH. This can be followed by the addition of a nitrogenous fertiliser ammonium sulfate. This will result in a chemical reaction in the soil.
Which substances were formed in this reaction?
- 1. Sulfuric acid
- 2. Calcium sulfate
- 3. Ammonia
Choices:
- A: 1, 2 and 3
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 2 and 3
- D: 1 only
Question 16:
As you go down Group II, what are the trends in the properties in the table below?
- A: Decreases - Decreases
- B: Decreases - Increases
- C: Increases - Increases
- D: Increases - Decreases
Question 17:
When quicklime, water and sand are mixed, it makes lime mortar. Lime mortar hardens over time. Aqueous hydrochloric acid reacts with fresh and old lime mortar, but only the old lime mortar effervesces during the reaction.
Which equation describes the change from fresh to old lime mortar?
- A: CaO + CO2 → CaCO3
- B: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
- C: Ca(OH)2 → CaO + H2O
- D: CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
Question 18:
A compound was thermally decomposed to a constant mass; this gave off a colourless gas that reacted with limewater. The limewater went cloudy. The solid that was left was allowed to cool, and aqueous hydrochloric acid added, a vigorous effervescence was seen.
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
What was the mineral compound?
- A: Barytocalcite, BaCO3.CaCO3
- B: Artinite, MgCO3.Mg(OH)2.3H2O
- C: Aragonite, CaCO3
- D: Dolomite, CaCO3.MgCO3
Question 19:
Thermal decomposition of compound S releases carbon dioxide gas and forms a white solid, T. S and T are not soluble in water. Compound T is used as a refractory kiln lining.
What is compound S?
- A: CaCO3
- B: MgCO3
- C: CaO
- D: MgO
Question 20:
Solids Q, R, S and T are compounds of two different Group II metals. A few of the uses of these are detailed below.
Compound Q is used as a refractory lining material in kilns.
Compound R is used as a building material. It can also be heated in a kiln to form compound S. When S is hydrated; it forms compound T, which is used agriculturally to treat soils.
Which statements about these compounds are correct?
- 1. More acid is neutralised by 1.0 g of R than by 1.0 g of Q
- 2. The Mr of R is greater than the Mr of S by 44.0
- 3. The metallic element in S reacts with cold water more rapidly than the metallic element in Q
Choices:
- A: 1, 2 and 3
- B: 1 and 2
- C: 2 and 3
- D: 1 only
Question 21:
An anhydrous nitrate of a Group II metal was thermally decomposed. 6.00 g was used, and 3.06 g of gas was produced.
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
What is the nitrate compound?
- A: Beryllium nitrate
- B: Strontium nitrate
- C: Magnesium nitrate
- D: Calcium nitrate
Question 22:
A mixture of 2 Group II elements, Y, were thermally decomposed.
This reaction produced a white solid and only two gaseous products. One of the gaseous products relights a glowing splint.
What could be the components of mixture Y?
- A: MgCl2 and CaCO3
- B: MgCO3 and Ca(NO3)2
- C: MgO and CaSO4
- D: Mg(NO3)2 and Ca(NO3)2
Question 23:
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
Thermal decomposition of anhydrous magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, gives a white solid and a mixture of two gases R and S.
S is oxygen.
What is the ratio ?
- A:
- B:
- C:
- D:
Question 24:
When equal volumes of saturated solutions of barium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are mixed, a white precipitate, Y, forms. The mixture is filtered, and carbon dioxide is bubbled through the filtrate, producing a second white precipitate, Z.
What are Y and Z?
- Y: Ba(OH)2, Z: Ca(OH)2
- Y: Ca(OH)2, Z: CaCO3
- Y: BaCO3, Z: Ba(OH)2
- Y: Ba(OH)2, Z: Ca(OH)2
Question 25:
A colourless solution was formed when metal Y was reacted with water. This solution then gave a white precipitate when mixed with aqueous sulfuric acid.
What is metal Y?
- A: Potassium
- B: Magnesium
- C: Barium
- D: Sodium
Question 26:
A student performs several experiments on element Y, an alkaline earth metal to determine its identity and the following observations are made:
- 1. When added to water, Y-hydroxide dissolves in water.
- 2. When added to water, Y-sulfate produces a white precipitate.
- 3. In order to thermally decompose Y-nitrate, more heat is required than to thermally decompose strontium nitrate.
- 4. When burned in oxygen Y will readily become YO.
What is the identity of element Y?
- A: Beryllium
- B: Barium
- C: Calcium
- D: Magnesium
Question 27:
Group II metal carbonates can be used as fire retardants as they thermally decompose producing CO2. The CO2 removes the oxygen from the fire. Three minerals each having a mixture of two Group II metal carbonates could be used as fire retardants.
- Barytocite: BaCa(CO3)2
- Dolomite: CaMg(CO3)2
- Huntite: Mg3Ca(CO3)4
What is the order of effectiveness as a fire retardant, from best to worst?
Choices:
- A: Dolomite, Barytocite, Huntite
- B: Dolomite, Huntite, Barytocite
- C: Huntite, Barytocite, Dolomite
- D: Barytocite, Huntite, Dolomite
Question 28:
Thermal decomposition of the nitrates of beryllium, calcium, magnesium, and strontium produce the same products. When 4.00 g of one of these anhydrous nitrates is decomposed, 2.64 g of gas is produced.
Use of the periodic table is relevant to this question.
What is the nitrate?
- A: Beryllium nitrate
- B: Magnesium nitrate
- C: Calcium nitrate
- D: Strontium nitrate
Question 29:
In which row of the table are all statements comparing magnesium and barium correct?
- A: First ionisation energy of magnesium is higher, and reaction of magnesium with oxygen is slower.
- B: First ionisation energy of barium is lower, and reaction of barium with oxygen is faster.
- C: First ionisation energy of magnesium is higher, and reaction of barium with oxygen is slower.
- D: First ionisation energy of barium is lower, and reaction of magnesium with oxygen is faster.